Final answer:
The National Industrial Security Program is a security framework designed to protect US economic and technological interests by controlling access to sensitive information. It involves restricting trade in the interest of national security, especially in industries essential for defense, and ensuring that geopolitical rivals do not access critical technologies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The purpose of the National Industrial Security Program (NISP) is to safeguard and preserve the United States' economic and technological interests against potential threats. NISP ensures the protection of sensitive information crucial for national security while operating across the federal government and private sector entities that work on defense and intelligence contracts. The NISP also endeavors to balance national security with the economic interests of the nation and maintain the industry's capability to innovate and compete internationally.
In light of geopolitical rivalries and the importance of certain industries to national security, nations may employ trade restrictions to safeguard these sectors. For instance, nations would avoid trading key defense technology like missile defense systems with geopolitical rivals to prevent undermining their own security posture. Additionally, economic security is considered to be as critical as military security to a nation's overall national security in the modern interconnected world.