Final answer:
U.S. laws such as the Equal Pay Act of 1963, Civil Rights Act of 1964, Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, and Civil Rights Act of 1991 are designed to prevent employers and businesses from discriminating on various bases including race, gender, age, religion, and national origin.
Step-by-step explanation:
Laws Against Employment Discrimination
Laws that ensure employers and businesses do not discriminate vary by country, but in the United States, crucial legislation has been enacted to protect workers. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 requires that men and women be given equal pay for equal work. Meanwhile, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Additional laws include the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, which forbids age-based discrimination against those who are 40 or older, and the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 safeguards against discrimination related to pregnancy or childbirth. The Civil Rights Act of 1991 allows monetary damages in cases of intentional discrimination.
Moreover, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act also prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of gender, national origin, religion, or sexual orientation. These laws collectively play a significant role in reducing discrimination in the labor market. However, addressing discrimination also involves challenging broader social patterns and systemic issues beyond individual prejudiced employers.