Final answer:
Francine, the makeup artist, is the most susceptible to the illusion of the expert by overestimating her art judging abilities due to the Dunning-Kruger effect, which causes novices to overrate their knowledge in unfamiliar domains.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the given scenarios, Francine, a makeup artist, would be most susceptible to the illusion of the expert when asked to judge portraits at an art competition. This is due to the Dunning-Kruger effect, which implies that individuals frequently overestimate their own knowledge and abilities in areas where they have limited expertise. Francine is an expert in makeup, not in art critique, and may mistakenly extend her sense of competence to an unrelated field.
The Dunning-Kruger effect is a cognitive bias where novices tend to overrate their knowledge or expertise, while true experts may underrate theirs but generally are aware of their own and others' levels of expertise. Francine might believe her aesthetic judgment as a makeup artist qualifies her to judge artistic works, however, evaluating makeup and judging the quality of portraits require very different skills and knowledge.
The importance of recognizing the limits of one's own expertise and not over-extending this to areas outside one's true field of expertise is crucial for making accurate judgments and decisions. In short, while Francine is an expert in her field, her expertise does not necessarily translate to art critique, making her more susceptible to the illusion of the expert.