Final answer:
Cortical thickness is likely to decrease following bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) due to the abrupt reduction in estrogen levels which plays a critical role in maintaining bone density.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering the effects of bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) on cortical thickness, research indicates that there may be a decrease in cortical thickness. BSO is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of both ovaries and fallopian tubes, which leads to an abrupt cessation of ovarian hormone production. Due to this sudden hormonal change, especially the reduction in estrogen levels, some studies have suggested that there could be an associated loss of bone density, which includes thinning of the cortical areas of bones. This process is because estrogen plays a critical role in maintaining bone density and the balance between bone resorption and formation.