Final answer:
The references provided do not specify particular gene variants linked to extra-pair mating or marital status. Genetic influences on such complex behaviors are an interplay of multiple factors, not just single gene variations. Theories of sexual selection, rather than specific genes, are often used to understand these patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
The specific gene variants associated with extra-pair mating in women and marital status in men have not been explicitly mentioned in the references provided. Genetic influences on complex social behaviors such as mating strategies and marital status are multifactorial and not the result of single gene variations. Research often focuses on broader genetic factors or evolutionary biology concepts to explain these behaviors. For instance, the MAOA gene has been studied in relation to aggressive behaviors rather than marital status or mating preferences.
It is important to understand the interplay between genetics and environment when considering behavioral traits. The role of genetics in behavior, such as mating patterns or marital status, does encompass tendencies influenced by various genes and their interaction with environmental factors. Furthermore, sexual selection theories, such as the good genes hypothesis and the Fisherian runaway model, provide insight into how genetic traits may be favored in mate choice without pinpointing specific genes.