Final answer:
The lesson is centered around phonics instruction, aimed at teaching students the fundamentals of sounds in words and rhyming, which is essential for reading and spelling proficiency.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of lesson the teacher is focusing on is phonics instruction, which is part of the English curriculum. Specifically, the lesson involves teaching students to identify and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in words, and to recognize rhyme patterns. This instruction is fundamental for developing reading and spelling skills in the English language.
Exercises such as listening to sounds that specific letters make and sorting words based on the sounds made by the letters <w>, <y>, and <u> help students understand the difference between vowels and consonants, as well as the sometimes complex relationship between the spelling of a word and its phonetic pronunciation. By breaking words down by individual sounds and understanding rhyming patterns, students enhance their ability to decode words, which is a critical skill in early reading development.