Final answer:
Traditional behaviorists in psychology include Skinner, Thorndike, and Watson, who all focused on observable behavior and learning principles such as operant conditioning and the law of effect. All of the above are correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The traditional behaviorists in psychology include major figures known for pioneering work on behavior and learning. The names listed: B.F. Skinner, Edward Thorndike, and John B. Watson, are all prominent behaviorists. Skinner is renowned for his work on operant conditioning, exploring how behavior is influenced by consequences such as reinforcement and punishment. Thorndike is famous for the law of effect, which posits that responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation, while responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely. Watson, often referred to as the father of behaviorism, advocated for the study of observable behavior, arguing that psychology should be an objective science without focusing on the unobservable mental processes. Therefore, the correct answer is: 4) All of the above. These individuals significantly shaped the behaviorist school of thought, favoring the study of observable behaviors over the internal mental state.