Final answer:
Option (C), The term for the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced maximum expiration is called 'residual volume' (RV).
Step-by-step explanation:
The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced maximum expiration is called residual volume (RV). Residual volume is crucial for maintaining easy breathing and preventing the alveoli from collapsing. It is also important for preventing large fluctuations in respiratory gases such as O₂ and CO₂.
The other respiratory volumes are tidal volume (TV), which is the air inspired and expired during normal breathing, expiratory reserve volume (ERV), which is the extra air exhaled during a forced expiration after normal exhalation, and inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), which is the additional air that can be inhaled after normal inhalation. Therefore, the correct answer is C) Residual Volume.