Final answer:
The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation is called Vital Capacity (VC), which includes expiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and inspiratory reserve volume.
Step-by-step explanation:
The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation is called Vital Capacity (VC). Vital capacity is a measurement of the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled during a respiratory cycle. It is the sum of three volumes: expiratory reserve volume (ERV), tidal volume (TV), and inspiratory reserve volume (IRV). ERV is the extra air exhaled after a normal exhalation, while tidal volume is the air moved during normal breathing, and IRV is the additional air inhaled after a normal inhalation.
Other respiratory volumes and capacities, such as residual volume (RV), which is the air left in the lungs after a forced exhalation, and tidal volume, which measures the amount of air inspired and expired during a normal breath, also play vital roles in respiratory physiology. However, for the maximum amount of air that can be moved in or out of the lungs in a single respiratory cycle, vital capacity is the correct term.