Final answer:
Defense mechanisms are unconscious behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety and include Repression, Denial, Projection, Displacement, Regression, Rationalization, and Sublimation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Defense Mechanisms in Psychodynamic Theories
Defense mechanisms are unconscious protective behaviors that work to reduce anxiety within the psychodynamic perspective. These mechanisms include Repression, Denial, Projection, Displacement, Regression, Rationalization, and Sublimation. Not mentioned in the original options you provided, but also significant, is Reaction Formation. An example of a defense mechanism is repression, where anxiety-provoking memories are blocked from conscious awareness. In projection, a person attributes their unacceptable feelings to someone else. Rationalization involves justifying behavior with plausible reasons, whereas displacement shifts negative feelings towards a less threatening object or person. Sublimation redirects unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities.