Final answer:
Problems encountered with the Waterfall Model include lack of flexibility, difficulty in estimating time and cost, and limited customer involvement, which can result in a product that doesn't meet customer needs and struggles with evolving technology requirements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Waterfall Model, which is part of the engineering design process, sometimes encounters various problems. Some of these problems include a lack of flexibility in responding to changes, reflecting a certain rigidity inherent in the model. Once a phase of development is completed, it can be challenging to go back and make alterations without disrupting the whole process. The Waterfall Model also makes it difficult to estimate time and cost accurately since these are usually determined at the beginning of a project and may not account for unforeseen issues that arise later. Moreover, it typically involves limited customer involvement during the development process, meaning that feedback is not incorporated throughout and is only solicited at certain stages, which can lead to poor design decisions and a product that does not fully meet the customer's needs. Other limitations include being constrained by software and hardware requirements, which may render the final design incompatible with evolving technologies or user demands.
Comparatively, the spiral design process allows for continual improvements through multiple iterations, although it requires proper planning for additional time and resources to avoid going over budget.