Final answer:
Lab-based surveillance in biology involves using laboratory techniques and technologies to monitor and track diseases, pathogens, or other biological factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lab-based surveillance refers to the use of laboratory techniques and technologies to monitor and track various aspects of a population or environment. In the context of biology, lab-based surveillance can involve collecting samples, conducting experiments, and analyzing data to detect and monitor diseases, pathogens, or other biological factors. For example, virologists may use lab-based surveillance to study the spread of viruses like Avian Influenza by collecting and analyzing samples from infected birds.