Final answer:
An open system readily exchanges energy and mass with its surroundings, while a closed system restricts and measures the amount of energy and mass getting into or escaping the system. Three types of biogeochemical cycles are the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle.
Step-by-step explanation:
An open system is one that readily exchanges energy and mass with its surroundings, while a closed system restricts and measures the amount of energy and mass getting into or escaping the system. For example, a cell is an open system as it exchanges energy and nutrients with its environment. On the other hand, a biochemical reaction in a test tube is a closed system as it is restricted and measured in terms of energy and mass. Now, let's discuss three types of biogeochemical cycles: Water cycle: It involves the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, land, and bodies of water. This cycle includes processes such as evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and transpiration from plants. Carbon cycle: It involves the circulation of carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds between the atmosphere, living organisms, and the Earth's systems. This cycle includes processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition. Nitrogen cycle: It involves the conversion of nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into usable forms, such as ammonia and nitrate, by bacteria. This cycle includes processes such as nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and assimilation by plants and animals.