Final answer:
The false statement about stress and strain is that a solid object will break as soon as the stress exceeds the elastic limit. Stress is force per unit area, while strain is the measure of deformation. Materials can withstand some stress beyond the elastic limit without immediately breaking.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement regarding stress and strain that is FALSE is: 3) A solid object will break as soon as the stress exceeds the elastic limit of the material. This statement is not accurate because when a material's stress exceeds its elastic limit, it enters a region of plastic deformation where it can still undergo strain without fracturing immediately. Only when the stress reaches a certain point, known as the fracture point or ultimate strength, does the material actually break.
Stress is the force per unit area that causes a deformation in a material, and strain is a measure of that deformation. Provided the stress does not exceed the elastic limit, the deformation is reversible, and the object can return to its original shape when the stress is removed. The ultimate strength is the maximum stress that a non-ductile object can endure before fracturing, which is not the same as the elastic limit.
The proportional limit marks the stress level beyond which strain ceases to be directly proportional to stress. Up to this point, materials obey Hooke's Law, displaying a linear relationship between stress and strain. Beyond the proportional limit, this relationship becomes nonlinear, but the material may not necessarily fracture until it reaches its ultimate strength