Question

Choose the phrase that best completes the following sentence: "Bernoulli's equation applies to..."

1) any fluid.
2) an incompressible fluid, whether viscous or non-viscous.
3) an incompressible, non-viscous fluid, whether the flow is turbulent or not.
4) an incompressible, non-viscous fluid in which the flow is non-turbulent.
5) a static fluid only.

Answer 1

Bernoulli's equation best applies to an incompressible, non-viscous fluid where the flow is laminar or non-turbulent, as it relates pressure and velocity in such fluids.

Step-by-step explanation:

The phrase that best completes the sentence "Bernoulli's equation applies to..." is an incompressible, non-viscous fluid in which the flow is non-turbulent. Bernoulli's equation, named after the Swiss scientist Daniel Bernoulli, is used to describe the quantitative relationship between pressure and velocity in fluids. It states that for an incompressible, frictionless (or non-viscous) fluid, the sum of the pressure, the kinetic energy per unit volume, and the potential energy per unit volume is constant. This principle is broadly applicable under certain simplifying conditions and assumes the fluid flow is steady and along a streamline.

It is worth noting that while liquids are mostly incompressible and thus, satisfy the conditions of Bernoulli's equation, gases can be compressible and should be treated with caution under varying pressure conditions. Therefore, Bernoulli's equation is most accurately applied to scenarios where the fluid is both incompressible and non-viscous and the flow is laminar rather than turbulent.