Final answer:
Acute diverticulitis is primarily diagnosed using a CT scan, followed by blood tests to check for infection. While physical examination and medical history are part of the initial assessment, colonoscopies are generally avoided due to increased risks, and stool sample analysis is not a primary diagnostic tool for this condition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diagnosis of Acute Diverticulitis To diagnose acute diverticulitis, a medical professional might use a combination of methods. A physical examination and taking a medical history are often the first steps. However, the most definitive diagnostic tool for acute diverticulitis is a CT scan. This imaging study allows for a clear view of the large intestine and can reveal the presence of inflamed or infected diverticula. Blood tests may be ordered to check for signs of infection or inflammation, such as an elevated white blood cell count. While colonoscopy and biopsy might be useful for other conditions, they are typically not the first line of diagnosis for an acute episode of diverticulitis due to the risk of perforation when the colon is inflamed. Stool sample analysis could help rule out infections caused by bacteria or parasites, but it is not a primary tool for diagnosing diverticulitis. Initial treatment for mild cases often includes oral antibiotics and a liquid diet, whereas severe cases might require intravenous antibiotics, hospitalization, and bowel rest. Complications like abscesses or perforation necessitate surgical intervention.