Final answer:
Structured observation is a systematic form of observation used to collect quantitative data in a controlled environment, ensuring reliability and reducing bias.
Step-by-step explanation:
Structured observation is a type of systematic observation where the researcher observes people engaging in set, specific tasks within a controlled environment. This approach is often quantitative, as it seeks to generate data that can be statistically analyzed. An instance of structured observation is the Strange Situation developed by Mary Ainsworth to assess attachment styles between infants and caregivers. In structured observations, clear criteria are established for recording behaviors, thereby helping to protect against observer bias and ensuring inter-rater reliability.