Final answer:
The year and outcome of first and second referendums alike vary based on the context, necessitating more specific information to provide accurate details. Consequences of political and nationalistic revolutions typically entail governmental changes and societal shifts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The outcome and year of the first and second referendums depend on the historical context. For example, if we are referring to the Progressive Era's implementation of direct democracy tools, the second innovation, mentioned above, was the right to hold a referendum. This allowed voters to counteract legislation by voting to either affirm or reject it. In 1898, South Dakota was the first state to put this into practice, and by 1920, twenty states had adopted referenda. If we consider the first and second referendums in a more general sense, it would be necessary to know the specific referendums being referred to in order to provide accurate dates and outcomes.
Regarding the consequences of political and nationalistic revolutions, they typically involve changes in government, shifts in power dynamics, alterations to national borders, and often social and economic reforms. The specifics of these consequences would depend on the particular revolution being discussed.