Final answer:
The FALSE statement about federalism is that Parliament resolves jurisdictional disputes between federal and provincial governments; such disputes are actually resolved by the judicial system, particularly by federal courts and the Supreme Court.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement about federalism that is FALSE is: "Parliament is responsible for resolving disputes about the proper jurisdiction of laws enacted by the federal and provincial governments." In systems such as the United States, disputes between the federal and state governments are generally resolved by the judicial branch, particularly by federal courts, with the U.S. Supreme Court being the ultimate authority. It is not the role of Parliament, which is a legislative body, to resolve these disputes. Instead, this task is assigned to courts as part of the judicial review process, where they evaluate whether laws are in accordance with the Constitution.
The other statements given are characteristic of federal systems. There is generally a presumption of constitutionality for impugned legislation, meaning that laws are assumed to be constitutional until proven otherwise. Property and civil rights often fall within provincial or state jurisdiction, reflecting the autonomy of these levels of government in federal systems. Moreover, the claim that the review of impugned laws on federalism grounds has an irreducibly political element aligns with the understanding that federalism involves a balance and negotiation of power between different levels of government, which is inherently political.