Final answer:
Mismatch repair is the mechanism responsible for identifying and correcting incorrectly inserted bases into DNA during replication, thus maintaining genetic stability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of repair mechanism responsible for removing bases that were incorrectly inserted into DNA during replication is called mismatch repair. This process identifies the mismatched bases that are incorrectly incorporated into the DNA strand and excises them. It then fills in the gap with the correctly paired base. Mismatch repair is essential for maintaining DNA integrity and preventing mutations that can lead to disease.