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Which cellular changes are seen with chronic bronchitis?

A. Decreased CD8 T lymphocytes
B. Increased eosinophils
C. Decreased interleukin-8 levels
D. Atrophy of bronchial glands

User Tdhulster
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1 Answer

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Final answer:

Chronic bronchitis, a form of COPD, involves hypertrophy and hyperplasia of mucus-secreting goblet cells, thickening of bronchial walls, increased bronchial glands, infiltration of inflammatory cells like neutrophils and CD8 T lymphocytes, and elevated levels of interleukin-8.

Step-by-step explanation:

With chronic bronchitis, which is a form of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), you typically see certain cellular changes in the lungs. These changes include:

  • Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of mucus-secreting goblet cells in the airway epithelium, leading to excessive mucus production.
  • Thickening of the bronchial walls due to inflammation and fibrosis.
  • Increase in the size and number of bronchial glands.
  • Infiltration of inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and CD8 T lymphocytes.
  • Increased production of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-8, which recruits more neutrophils to the area.

Therefore, the cellular changes seen with chronic bronchitis are opposite to the options provided: rather than decreased, CD8 T lymphocytes increase, interleukin-8 levels also increase, and rather than atrophy, there is a hypertrophy of bronchial glands to contribute to the mucus hypersecretion characteristic of chronic bronchitis.

User Natrium
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