Final answer:
Legislators who make policy decisions based on their own best judgment are known as trustees, a concept based on the trustee model of representation advocated by Edmund Burke.
Step-by-step explanation:
Legislators who use their own best judgment to make policy in the interests of the people, even when it may be contrary to those constituents' immediate preferences, are known as trustees. This concept is derived from the trustee model of representation, which is based on the belief that legislators are better informed or equipped to make complex policy decisions that serve the constituents' best interests. Political philosopher Edmund Burke advocated for this model, suggesting that lawmakers should act as a deliberative assembly for the whole nation rather than just mirroring their constituents' wishes.