Final answer:
When white light hits a prism such as a raindrop, it splits into seven colors due to the phenomenon of dispersion.
Step-by-step explanation:
When white light hits a prism, such as a raindrop, it splits into seven colors. This occurs as a result of dispersion, which is the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of colors due to different frequencies of light having different refractive indices for a given material. When light enters the raindrop, it is bent (refracted) differently for the various wavelengths that correspond to different colors. The violet light is bent the most, while the red light is bent the least. If the refracted light is projected onto a screen after leaving the prism, it will display a continuous spectrum of colors, similar to a rainbow. This happens because the droplets in a rain shower act like tiny prisms, separating the sunlight into its component colors. Thus, the correct answer is: (c) Seven colors.