Final answer:
The independent agency that supervises banks, credit unions, and other financial companies is the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB).
Step-by-step explanation:
The independent agency of the U.S. government that supervises banks, credit unions, and other financial companies, established by the Dodd-Frank Act, is the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). The CFPB was created in response to the 2008 Financial Crisis to protect consumers from unfair and deceptive practices in the financial industry.