Final answer:
Ultraviolet (UV) light is a type of invisible electromagnetic radiation used in the nail industry to cure artificial nails and gels. It also possesses antimicrobial properties, making it effective for sterilizing tools and surfaces in medical settings, controlling microbial growth, and treating certain medical conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ultraviolet (UV) light is an invisible form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays, ranging from 400 nm down to about 10 nm. In the nail industry, UV light is commonly used to cure or harden artificial nails and gel polishes, a process known as photopolymerization. This kind of UV light application for nails ensures that the polish stays intact for a longer period compared to regular nail polish.
Beyond cosmetic uses, UV light has various applications due to its ability to kill microorganisms. It’s used in sterilizing tools and workspaces in medical settings, purifying water, and treating certain medical conditions. For example, UV light is harnessed to treat infantile jaundice and some skin conditions. In laboratories and healthcare facilities, UV light is effective in controlling microbial growth as it induces the formation of thymine dimers in DNA strains, potentially leading to cell death in microorganisms, thereby achieving sterilization.
It's important to note that while low-intensity ultraviolet light is used in sterilizing equipment like haircutting implements, its energy is deposited differently compared to lower-frequency electromagnetic waves. Because UV light does not penetrate well, direct exposure to surfaces is needed for effective sterilization.