Final answer:
Urbanization, deforestation, and wetland drainage are three human activities that significantly increase the risk of flooding by altering natural landscapes and water absorption capabilities. These activities, along with climate change due to fossil fuel use, exacerbate the severity and frequency of flood events.
Step-by-step explanation:
Three human activities that increase the risk of flooding are: A) Urbanization, Deforestation, Wetland drainage. Urbanization leads to the creation of impermeable surfaces which prevent water from naturally infiltrating the ground, causing more runoff and higher flood risks. Deforestation removes trees that would normally absorb rainfall and stabilize the soil, leading to increased runoff and soil erosion. Wetland drainage eliminates natural water storage areas that can absorb floodwaters, exacerbating the effects of flooding.
Human induced climate change plays a critical role in the exacerbation of flooding scenarios. Activities such as burning fossil fuels, and land clearing increase greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to global warming. This leads to changes in weather patterns, potentially increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall that can cause floods.
Furthermore, infrastructure projects like dam construction alter natural waterways and can result in flooding either upstream due to reservoir creation or downstream if flood management protocols fail. Overall, the intersection of human activities, climate change, and alterations to the natural environment all serve to increase flood risks.