Final answer:
To achieve compromise, one must value openness and trust, as compromise involves giving up something of value to reach a mutual agreement on a shared goal, like in cases of international agreements on greenhouse gas emissions. Compromise is a key outcome in politics and collective decision-making when full objectives cannot be met by any single party.
Step-by-step explanation:
To achieve compromise, one needs to b. value openness and trust. In the process of compromise, all parties involved give up something of value to reach an agreement. This often occurs when parties have a general agreement on overarching goals but differ on specific details. For example, if countries aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but have different targets, they might come to a compromise that satisfies both, albeit not perfectly. Compromising also necessitates a willingness to accept partial progress and an ability to see potential connection or overlap between positions.
When it comes to collective decision-making, a tendency towards d. compromise can occur as an alternative to maintaining the status quo. In politics, when neither side can fully achieve their objectives, they may resort to compromise, often seen as taking 'half a loaf of bread' rather than none. This can lead to outcomes where participants are relatively satisfied, even though they may not have achieved all of their objectives.
Effective negotiation and conflict resolution involves employing strategies such as: choosing words carefully to avoid escalating tension, listening to understand the other side, asking open-ended questions, and focusing on solving the problem rather than assigning blame. Finding a compromise can be challenging in an environment where public discourse often tilts towards polarization and oversimplification. Nonetheless, it is a critical skill in resolving conflicts over resource allocation and values which are inherent to politics and everyday life.