Final answer:
Believing that each party must give up something to reach a satisfactory solution is inconsistent with a problem-solving style, which aims for win-win outcomes, contrary to compromise-based approaches.
Step-by-step explanation:
A characteristic that would be inconsistent with an individual using a problem-solving style is c. believes that each party must give up something to reach a satisfactory solution. This statement suggests a compromise or a lose-lose scenario, which is not necessarily a part of problem-solving, where ideally a win-win solution is the goal. Problem-solving often involves understanding that conflict can be constructive (a. views conflict as natural and helpful), maintaining trust and openness (b. demonstrates trust and candidness with others), and acknowledging the equal importance of all parties in conflict resolution (d. views everyone as having an equal role in resolving the conflict). Successful collective decision-making generally requires cooperation and finding solutions with acceptable transaction and conformity costs to overcome collective dilemmas and coordination problems.