Final answer:
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds are used in chemical methods that foster leakage in negatively charged membranes and are found in surgical scrubs, dental rinses, and vet shampoos. They disrupt bacterial membranes and can be ototoxic.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chemical method that binds to negatively charged membrane components to foster leakage and is used in surgical scrubs, dental rinses, and vet shampoos, and is ototoxic, is d) Quaternary Ammonium Compounds. Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats), such as benzalkonium chloride and cetylpyrimidine chloride, are cationic detergents that disrupt bacterial membranes by infiltrating the phospholipid plasma membranes and disrupting their integrity, ultimately leading to cell death. Quats are preferred for their stability, low toxicity, and ability to be used in a variety of clinical and household settings.
Soaps are not considered disinfectants because they do not effectively kill microorganisms; instead, they work primarily by washing away microbes due to their surfactant properties. They lower the surface tension of water, creating emulsions that mechanically remove microbes without necessarily having any antimicrobial activity.