Final answer:
Facilitating change by altering social relationships or restructuring social institutions is most closely associated with clinical sociology, which applies sociological research to improve various aspects of society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process described in the question, which involves facilitating change by altering social relationships or restructuring social institutions, aligns most closely with c. Clinical sociology. This branch of sociology applies theoretical perspectives and sociological research to intervene in and improve the lives of individuals, groups, and society. Clinical sociologists work in areas like family therapy, organizational development, and community building, implementing changes to better the social dynamics within these structures.
Structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and conflict theory are other sociological paradigms. Structural functionalism views society as a system with interconnected parts that work together to maintain stability and social order. Symbolic interactionism is a micro-level theory that focuses on the meanings individuals place on symbols and interactions in everyday life. Conflict theory, based on Marxist principles, looks at society as a competition for resources where social structures are influenced by the dominance of particular groups.