Final answer:
Large waves from storms hitting an island shore undergo shoaling, leading to higher waves with concentrated energy that can cause significant erosion and influence coastal landforms.
Step-by-step explanation:
When large waves from a storm hit the island shore, they undergo a process known as shoaling, which occurs because the water depth decreases and the energy of the wave is compressed into a smaller volume. This results in the formation of higher waves as the energy is concentrated. These enhanced waves can have significant impacts, including increased erosion and the potential collapse of coastal landforms. Moreover, the energy of the waves, related to their amplitude and frequency, is significant; for example, large-amplitude disturbances like earthquakes can generate tsunamis, which can cause even more dramatic changes to coastlines. Coastal communities therefore must be aware of the risks posed by large waves and may employ engineering strategies such as breakwaters to mitigate the negative effects of storm surges and protect shorelines.