Final answer:
The professor is using extrinsic motivation to encourage students to read the 'special feature' boxes, as the motivation comes from the external reward of being able to answer test questions, not personal interest. Similarly, Carl is extrinsically motivated by earning money for mowing the lawn.
Step-by-step explanation:
The university professor referenced is relying on extrinsic motivation to encourage her students to read the "special feature" boxes in the textbook. When students are motivated by external factors, such as the potential for test questions to come from specific textbook sections, this is an example of extrinsic motivation. To define the terms, intrinsic motivation comes from within the individual and is driven by personal interest or enjoyment in the task itself, whereas extrinsic motivation involves completing a task or engaging in an activity because of external rewards or pressures.
Regarding the example of Carl mowing the yard for $20, this would also be a case of extrinsic motivation because he is performing the task to receive monetary compensation. Educational implications of extrinsic rewards, such as impacting intrinsic motivation, are important to consider as they can sometimes reduce the internal desire to learn when overemphasized.