Final answer:
Hepatitis B and HIV/AIDS are infectious diseases caused by bloodborne pathogens, whereas hepatitis A is transmitted through contaminated food or water, and tuberculosis is an airborne disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
The infectious diseases caused by bloodborne pathogens include hepatitis B and HIV/AIDS. Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated food or water and is not considered a bloodborne pathogen. In contrast, Hepatitis B is indeed transmitted through contact with infectious blood, body fluids, or other potentially infectious materials. HIV/AIDS is another serious disease that is transmitted through blood products, particularly by sexual contact or contaminated needles. Moreover, Tuberculosis, while infectious, is primarily a respiratory disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is spread through the air from person to person, not through bloodborne transmission.
Health-care workers need to take precautionary measures to protect themselves from infection by these pathogens, especially when dealing with blood or body fluids. Appropriate protective measures include wearing gloves and face protection, using disposable syringes and needles, and washing hands thoroughly after potential exposure. Treatment protocols such as the administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and vaccination may be necessary after exposure to an infected patient, in the case of potential hepatitis B infection.