Final answer:
The James-Lange theory is the one that suggests emotional experience is dependent on physiological behavior. This theory posits that once we react physically to a stimulus, we then identify the emotion we are experiencing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory of emotion that asserts emotional experience depends upon physiological arousal is known as the James-Lange theory. According to this theory, when a person encounters an emotionally significant event, they first exhibit physiological responses such as a racing heart or rapid breathing. Subsequently, the person becomes aware of this physiological state and experiences the emotion. For example, if encountering a venomous snake, the physiological arousal of the heartbeat increasing would lead to the emotional experience of fear. This stands in contrast to other theories such as Cannon-Bard or Schachter-Singer's two-factor theory, which propose different relationships between arousal, cognition, and emotional experience.
Research has shown that while the intensity of emotions might be affected in those with spinal injuries affecting their physiological responses, they still experience emotions, providing an interesting perspective on the James-Lange theory.