Final answer:
An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is known as scoliosis. It's accompanied by twisting of the spinal column and can worsen during growth spurts in adolescence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used to describe an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is scoliosis. This condition involves not just a sideways curvature but also a twisting of the vertebral column. Scoliosis can occur due to various factors, such as muscle weakness, growth disparities, or congenital spine abnormalities. It is most commonly identified in preteens and can worsen during adolescent growth spurts. While many cases do not require intervention, severe forms of scoliosis may necessitate the use of a back brace or even surgical correction.
Different from scoliosis, kyphosis refers to an excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region which is sometimes called humpback or hunchback. Conversely, lordosis is an excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar region, also known as swayback. These curvatures of the spine can also arise due to various conditions, including pathological changes, developmental issues, or obesity.