Final answer:
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for about six months, and continuation with complementary foods until at least 12 months. Breast milk composition changes from colostrum to mature milk and from foremilk to hindmilk during a single feeding, adapting to the infant's nutritional needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that babies should be exclusively breast-fed for about six months. After six months, the AAP suggests continuing breastfeeding in combination with the introduction of complementary foods until at least 12 months, and thereafter for as long as mutually desired by mother and baby. Exclusive breastfeeding means that the infant receives only breast milk, without any additional foods or fluids unless medically indicated. This period of exclusive breastfeeding is critical for the development of the infant and provides numerous health benefits.
The composition of breast milk changes significantly during the first days of lactation, starting with colostrum immediately postpartum, which is rich in proteins and antibodies. Over time, mature breast milk develops, which contains the right balance of nutrients tailored to the infant's needs. During a single feeding, the composition also changes from foremilk, which is more watery and has lower fat content, to hindmilk, which is richer in fat and calories, providing the energy that the baby needs.