Final answer:
Archaic Homo sapiens, including species like Homo antecessor, Homo heidelbergensis, and Homo neanderthalensis, are found in fossil records and are known for their large brains and distinct physical characteristics from modern humans.
Step-by-step explanation:
Archaic Homo Sapiens
Archaic Homo sapiens can be found in the fossil records and are categorized into Early and Late Archaic. Early Archaic examples include Homo antecessor, found in Europe, dating to 1.2 MYA to 800 KYA. Sites like Sima de los Huesos in Spain provide evidence of their existence. Late Archaic includes species such as Homo heidelbergensis and Homo naledi, the latter discovered in South Africa with a dating of approximately 235,000-335,000 years old. Remarkably, Homo neanderthalensis, also known as Neanderthals, lived in Europe and Asia between about 400,000 and 30,000 years ago. These archaic humans exhibited features distinct from modern humans, such as thick skulls and prominent brow ridges yet had brain sizes within the range of today's humans.