Final answer:
Endometriosis causes scarring on a woman's pelvis by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, leading to inflammation and scar tissue formation. Keloids are another form of scarring, but are not generally associated with the pelvis. Stretch marks can occur on the abdomen during pregnancy but are not the same as the scarring caused by endometriosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition that can lead to the surface of a woman's pelvis being engraved with scars is known as endometriosis. This is a disease where endometrial tissue, which normally lines the inside of the uterus, grows outside the uterus and can cause bleeding, inflammation, pain, and scarring. During pregnancy, the dermis can stretch and lead to the formation of stretch marks on the abdomen, but these are not scars in the traditional sense and are different from the scarring caused by endometriosis.
Additionally, raised or hypertrophic scars known as keloids can also occur when there is an overproduction of scar tissue as the human body repairs itself after an injury, but this is not specifically related to endometriosis or a woman's pelvis.
Endometriosis is a significant cause of infertility and pelvic pain in women, and can also cause anatomical distortions within the pelvic area, leading to difficulties in conception. Treatment for endometriosis usually involves medication for pain and surgery to remove the abnormal tissue, though it may recur if the surgery is conservative rather than a hysterectomy.