Final answer:
The shift in the primary mode of subsistence that resulted in agricultural production was called the Neolithic Revolution. This revolution involved the domestication of plants and animals, leading to changes in human societies and the establishment of human civilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The "shift" in the primary mode of subsistence that resulted in agricultural production was called the Neolithic Revolution. This revolution was a slow process that took place over thousands of years, leading to significant changes in human societies. It involved the deliberate manipulation of nature for human purposes, such as the domestication of plants and animals, which allowed larger populations to be sustained and led to the development of settlements, specialized labor, and the establishment of human civilization.