Final answer:
Contrast clue words indicate opposing viewpoints or differences and might not always introduce a claim. A hypothesis is most closely related to the concept of a suggestion. The statement about theories becoming laws is false; theories explain phenomena, while laws describe consistent observations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'Common contrast clue words are used to introduce the claim' can be true or false depending on the context. Contrast clue words are typically used within a text to indicate that the writer is presenting an opposing viewpoint or showing how two things are different. They might not always introduce a claim but could be used in discussing a counterargument or contrasting information. When considering the hypothesis, the word that is closest to the same meaning is suggestion (option d). A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon which has yet to be proven.
When evaluating statements to determine if they are true or false, it is important to understand that a claim is a statement that asserts something to be true, which can be supported by evidence and reasoning. It's essential to examine the claim critically and consider whether it is based on solid evidence or simply an assumption. Statements can generally be examined and determined to be true or false, and the correction of false statements involves restating them to reflect the facts or a more accurate understanding.
Lastly, the statement 'When a theory has been known for a long time, it becomes a law' is false. A scientific law describes a repeated observation about the world, while a theory explains why those observations occur. The duration a theory has been known does not transform it into a law.