Final answer:
Flat organizations have 'wide' spans of control and are shifting towards more team-oriented structures. A manager conducting interviews with all employees in randomly selected departments is using a 'Cluster' survey design. This approach helps in measuring employee satisfaction efficiently.C) wide
Step-by-step explanation:
Flat organizations generally have few levels with wide spans of control, meaning that one manager often oversees many employees. This structure supports a shift away from traditional hierarchical organizations and moves towards an emphasis on teamwork and more egalitarian management styles. It is increasingly common for managers and employees at all levels to form collegial relationships and for there to be an open dialogue across the company, including directors soliciting feedback from entry-level employees.
The manager of a department store who selects four departments at random and conducts interviews with all the employees in those departments is using a Cluster survey design. This approach is suitable when complete coverage of the population is difficult or when conducting interviews with every single employee is impracticable due to time or resource constraints. As the departments are randomly chosen and all individuals within the chosen clusters are being surveyed, it serves as a good representation for employee satisfaction within the store.