Final answer:
The nurse should monitor for indications of drug abuse when a client is taking dextromethorphan (Robitussin DM), as it has potential for misuse, addiction, and dependence, leading to various adverse effects and withdrawal symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse knows it is important to monitor a client taking dextromethorphan (Robitussin DM) due to the potential of drug abuse. Dextromethorphan, also known as DXM or robo, is a cough suppressant and expectorant ingredient in over-the-counter (OTC) cold and cough medications that can be abused by adolescents and young adults. Although it is used therapeutically to relieve coughs, when taken in high doses, DXM can produce euphoria and psychoactive effects. These properties can lead to misuse, addiction, and dependence. When someone becomes dependent on DXM, cessation of its use can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Abuse of DXM can cause various adverse effects including visual and auditory hallucinations, and rapid involuntary jaw, tongue, and eye movements, especially in children. Monitoring a patient for signs of misuse is important due to these potential health risks and the possibility of psychological dependence.