Final answer:
True, the pre-agricultural diet was notably high in protein and fiber while being low in fat and sodium, differing from modern diets that feature more grains, dairy, and higher levels of fats and sodium.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pre-agricultural diet was indeed high in protein and fiber but low in fat and sodium, particularly when compared to the contemporary modern diet. The food consumed by early human hunter-gatherer societies typically consisted of a variety of plant-based foods such as berries, nuts, roots, grains, leaves, and also included animal proteins from lean meat, fish, birds, and shellfish. Meat that was consumed had a low fat content and a higher ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat. Human milk was the exclusive diet for infants. The diet was diverse and reflected the natural bounty available in different environments, from lush landscapes to more frigid regions where fishing and hunting were more prevalent. With the advent of the Neolithic Revolution, diets became less diverse, focusing mainly on one or two staple crops dominated by starchy carbohydrates and significantly reduced meat consumption. This shift towards agriculture led to a decreased intake of nutritionally diverse foods and introduced more grains and dairy into the human diet, contrasting with the diverse, protein-rich pre-agricultural diet.