Final answer:
Cultural relativism in anthropology emphasizes understanding cultural practices within their context instead of unconditionally accepting them. Contemporary anthropologists recognize the need to balance understanding with ethical considerations and aim to address their own biases while studying various cultural dynamics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asked pertains to the concept of cultural relativism, which has been a subject of debate among anthropologists. The strong form of cultural relativism, as advocated by Ruth Benedict and Melville Herskovits, suggests that all cultural patterns and practices should be viewed within the context of the particular culture. However, many anthropologists today recognize the complexity within cultures where different subgroups and even individuals might have diverse views and practices.
Cultural relativism is not about unconditionally accepting all practices; rather, it's about striving to understand them within their cultural context. This does not mean endorsing practices that are harmful or abusive, such as female genital mutilation. Instead, anthropologists work to understand and sometimes critique cultural practices with a delicate balance between relativism and ethical consideration.
Contemporary anthropologists also contend with issues of deep-seated bias and ethnocentrism, such as orientalism and primitivism, which can influence their research. Through immersion and observation, they work to gain an insider's perspective while recognizing their own biases. This approach allows them to engage in cross-cultural relationships and to develop a more nuanced understanding of cultural diversity and change.