Final answer:
According to Karl Marx, the Mode of Production is a framework for how society is organized around the production of goods and services, encompassing both the means of production and the social relations that organize these resources. It is a central concept in Marxist theory, critiquing the capitalist system and class struggle, and is linked to the eventual transition to socialism.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Karl Marx, Mode of Production is a way of organizing production - a set of social relations through which labor is deployed to wrest energy from nature by means of tools, skills, and knowledge. The concept of Mode of Production is fundamental to Marxist theory, describing the way in which society is organized to produce goods and services. This includes the means of production, such as land, labor, and technology, and the social relations that organize these resources for production.
Marx's critique of capitalist society centered around his belief in the exploitation inherent in a system where the means of production are owned by the bourgeoisie, creating a class struggle that would ultimately lead to the establishment of socialism. The Mode of Production affects all aspects of society, including the organization of work, social classes, and the relationships between people and the products they create.
Marxism anticipated that the conflict arising from this capitalist mode of production would be the driving force of historical change, leading towards a more egalitarian society where the means of production are collectively owned.