Final answer:
Participant Observation is the method where researchers live within and engage in the daily life of a community to perform ethnographic studies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The method that requires an individual to live within the community as a member, learning their language, establishing close friendship ties, eating what they eat, and taking part in normal family activities is known as Participant Observation. This method is a cornerstone of cultural anthropology and involves researchers immersing themselves in a community to conduct ethnographic studies. These studies aim to gain in-depth understanding of a culture's social perspective and values by participating in and observing the daily life of its members.