Final answer:
The Crusades were a series of holy wars sponsored by the church to recapture Jerusalem from the Muslims.
Step-by-step explanation:
The series of attempts by Christian armies to recapture the Holy Lands from Muslims was known as the Crusades. Spanning from the eleventh to the thirteenth century, these religious wars were sponsored by the church and aimed to achieve control over Jerusalem. The Crusades involved multiple military expeditions, with the first crusade resulting in the capture of Jerusalem in 1099.