Final answer:
The Hundred Years' War, lasting from 1337 to 1453, was a significant conflict of the late Medieval period between England and France, whereas the Wars of the Roses marked the actual end of the Medieval era in England in 1485. This period saw major advances in military technology such as the English longbow and gunpowder.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Hundred Years' War and the End of the Middle Ages
The conflict that ended approximately in 1485 and marked the end of the Medieval period is often misunderstood. The actual war that symbolizes the close of the Medieval era in England is known as the Wars of the Roses, which ended in 1485 with the Battle of Bosworth Field. However, another significant conflict, the Hundred Years' War, was a series of battles fought between England and France caused mainly by territorial disputes and claims to the French throne, which lasted from 1337 to 1453. While the Wars of the Roses was a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England, the Hundred Years' War was a defining feature of the late Medieval period. Military technology during this time saw significant advancements, including the use of the English longbow and later, firearms and gunpowder, which changed the approach to warfare and fortifications.