Final answer:
The Greeks created the Doric, Ionian, and Corinthian orders to establish the architectural features and proportions for buildings, with the Doric order being the earliest and characterized by its simple, sturdy columns and unadorned capitals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Greeks created the Doric order, Ionian order, and Corinthian order as the basis for the architectural features and proportions used in buildings. The earliest, the Doric order, is characterized by a plain, unadorned column capital and a column that rests directly on the stylobate of the temple without a base. The Ionic order is known for its volutes, scroll-like ornaments on the capital, and the Corinthian order, the most elaborate, features acanthus leaves on its capital. Each order has unique proportions and details that contribute to its distinct appearance. Notable buildings on the Acropolis, such as the Parthenon with a Doric facade and Ionic frieze, exemplify these orders.