Final answer:
Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, was the man murdered in 1170 after a conflict with King Henry II of England over church-state relations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The man who was murdered in 1170 after a quarrel with political leaders and members of the clergy was Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. This incident stemmed from his disputes with King Henry II of England over the rights and privileges of the Church. Thomas Becket's murder is a historically significant event as it highlights the tensions between the secular authority of the state and the spiritual authority of the Church during the medieval period. It also shows the extreme measures that could be used in such power struggles between the monarchy and the Church.